目录
一、常用函数
二、状态标记变量
三、串口接收中断流程
四、串口工具
五、配置1（非中断）
六、main.c代码（非中断）
七、配置2（中断）
八、main.c代码（中断）
一、常用函数
1.串口发送/接收函数：
HAL_UART_Transmit(); 串口发送数据，使用超时管理机制
HAL_UART_Receive(); 串口接收数据，使用超时管理机制
HAL_UART_Transmit_IT(); 串口中断模式发送
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(); 串口中断模式接收
HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_UART_Transmit(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart,
uint8_t *pData, uint16_t Size, uint32_t Timeout)
/*作用：以阻塞的方式发送指定字节的数据
形参 1 ：UART_HandleTypeDef 结构体类型指针变量（串口地址）
形参 2：指向要发送的数据地址
形参 3：要发送的数据大小，以字节为单位
形参 4：设置的超时时间，以ms单位
*/HAL_StatusTypeDef HAL_UART_Receive_IT(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart,
uint8_t *pData, uint16_t Size)
/*作用：以中断的方式接收指定字节的数据
形参 1 ：是 UART_HandleTypeDef 结构体类型指针变量（串口地址）
形参 2 ：是指向接收数据缓冲区
形参 3 ：是要接收的数据大小，以字节为单位
此函数执行完后将清除中断，需要再次调用以重新开启中断。
*/2.串口中断回调函数：
HAL_UART_IRQHandler(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart); //串口中断处理函数
HAL_UART_TxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart); //发送中断回调函数
HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart); //接收中断回调函数
二、状态标记变量
USART_RX_STA （可以设置为32位）
1.bit15当数据读取全部OK时，USART_RX_STA的最高位置置1
2.bit14当接收到0x0D（回车）置1
2.bit13~0串口中断接收到一个数据（一个字节）就自加1
三、串口接收中断流程
四、串口工具
五、配置1（非中断）
1.接线：TX -- A10 RX -- A9
2.时钟72MHz
3.串口配置
4.如果用printf进行串口发送数据要在keil5设置MicroLIB如下图所示
六、main.c代码（非中断）
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
//如果重写下面fputc 就可以用printf发送数据,需要设置 如上图所示=============================
/*
int fputc(int ch,FILE *f)
{
unsigned char temp[1] = {ch};
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,temp,1,0xffff);
return ch;
}
*/
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
//数据接收后存放的位置=========================================================================
unsigned char ch[20] = {0};
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
//发送数据================================================================================
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,"hello world\n",strlen("hello world\n"),100);
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
//接收数据============================================================
HAL_UART_Receive(&huart1,ch,19,100);
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,ch,strlen(ch),100);//接收后在发送
//printf(ch);//配合fputc使用
memset(ch,0,strlen(ch));
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
七、配置2（中断）
打开串口中断
文章来源：https://uudwc.com/A/zkp1O
八、main.c代码（中断）
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include <stdio.h>
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
//串口接收缓存（1字节）===================================================
uint8_t buf=0;
//定义最大接收字节数 200，可根据需求调整
#define UART1_REC_LEN 200
// 接收缓冲, 串口接收到的数据放在这个数组里，最大UART1_REC_LEN个字节
uint8_t UART1_RX_Buffer[UART1_REC_LEN];
uint16_t UART1_RX_STA=0;//初始化状态标记变量
// bit15， 接收完成标志
// bit14， 接收到0x0d
// bit13~0， 接收到的有效字节数目
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
// 接收完成回调函数，收到一个数据后，在这里处理=========================================
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
// 判断中断是由哪个串口触发的
if(huart->Instance == USART1)
{
// 先判断接收是否完成（UART1_RX_STA bit15 位是否为1）
if((UART1_RX_STA & 0x8000) == 0)
{
// 如果bit14被置为1 则已经收到了0x0d （回车），
if(UART1_RX_STA & 0x4000)
{
// 则接着判断是否收到 0x0a （换行）
if(buf == 0x0a)
// 如果 0x0a 和 0x0d 都收到，则将 bit15 位置为1
UART1_RX_STA |= 0x8000;
else
// 否则认为接收错误，重新开始
UART1_RX_STA = 0;
}
else // 如果bit14没有被置为1
{
//则先判断收到的这个字符是否是 0x0d （回车）
if(buf == 0x0d)
{
// 是的话则将 bit14 位置为1
UART1_RX_STA |= 0x4000;
}
else
{
// 否则将接收到的数据保存在缓存数组里
UART1_RX_Buffer[UART1_RX_STA & 0X3FFF] = buf;
UART1_RX_STA++;
// 如果接收数据大于UART1_REC_LEN（200字节），则重新开始接收
if(UART1_RX_STA > UART1_REC_LEN - 1)
UART1_RX_STA = 0;
}
}
}
// 重新开启中断
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, &buf, 1);
}
}
//可以使用printf进行发送数据===================================================
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
unsigned char temp[1]={ch};
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,temp,1,0xffff);
return ch;
}
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
// 开启接收中断=========================================================
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, &buf, 1);
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
//判断判断串口是否接收完成====================================================
if(UART1_RX_STA & 0x8000)
{
printf("收到数据：");
// 将收到的数据发送到串口
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, UART1_RX_Buffer, UART1_RX_STA & 0x3fff, 0xffff);
// 等待发送完成
while(huart1.gState != HAL_UART_STATE_READY);//HAL_UART_STATE_READY发送完成标志位
printf("\r\n");
// 重新开始下一次接收
UART1_RX_STA = 0;
}
printf("hello liangxu\r\n");
HAL_Delay(1000);
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
文章来源地址https://uudwc.com/A/zkp1O